{"id":212935,"date":"2025-02-27T16:53:39","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T11:23:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/?p=212935"},"modified":"2025-02-27T18:27:51","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T12:57:51","slug":"exogenic-and-endogenic-forces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/","title":{"rendered":"Exogenic and Endogenic Forces &#8211; UGC NET Geography Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#What_is_Exogenic_Forces\" >What is Exogenic Forces?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#What_is_Endogenic_Forces_Internal_Forces_of_Earth\" >What is Endogenic Forces (Internal Forces of Earth)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#Key_Differences_Between_Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces\" >Key Differences Between Exogenic and Endogenic Forces<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#Significance_of_Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces_in_Geography\" >Significance of Exogenic and Endogenic Forces in Geography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces\" >Exogenic and Endogenic Forces<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces_FAQs\" >Exogenic and Endogenic Forces FAQs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Exogenic and Endogenic Forces: <\/strong>The Earth&#8217;s surface is constantly shaped by<strong> Exogenic and Endogenic Forces, <\/strong>which drive geological changes over time. <strong>Exogenic forces, <\/strong>such as <strong>weathering, erosion, and deposition,<\/strong> originate from <strong>external agents <\/strong>like <strong>wind, water, and glaciers<\/strong>. In contrast, Endogenic forces arise from within the Earth, causing phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain formation. Understanding these geomorphic processes is essential for <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/ugc-net-geography-syllabus\/?ref=contstuti-ugc-net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UGC NET Geography<\/a><\/strong> aspirants, as they form a key part of physical geography. This article provides detailed notes, key concepts, and exam-focused insights to help you master Exogenic and Endogenic Forces. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ugc-net-mock-test\/?ref=contstuti-ugc-net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Attempt UGC NET Mock Test 2025<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Exogenic_Forces\"><\/span>What is Exogenic Forces?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Exogenic forces originate from external agents such as wind, water, glaciers, and waves. <strong>These forces operate on the Earth\u2019s surface and primarily involve processes like:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Weathering<\/li><li>Erosion and Deposition<\/li><li>Mass Wasting<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example: The Grand Canyon, formed by the erosional activity of the Colorado River.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Weathering: Rock Breakdown Without Movement<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Physical Weathering: <\/strong>Disintegration due to temperature changes, frost action (e.g., cracked rocks in deserts).<\/li><li><strong>Chemical Weathering:<\/strong> Decomposition via oxidation, carbonation, hydration (e.g., limestone caves).<\/li><li><strong>Biological Weathering:<\/strong> Breakdown by plant roots, animals, microbes (e.g., tree roots splitting rocks).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Erosion &amp; Deposition: Transport &amp; Accumulation of Material<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Wind (Aeolian): <\/strong>Forms sand dunes, yardangs (e.g., Thar Desert).<\/li><li><strong>Water (Fluvial): <\/strong>Carves valleys, deposits deltas (e.g., Ganges Delta).<\/li><li><strong>Glaciers (Glacial): <\/strong>Creates U-shaped valleys, moraines (e.g., Himalayas).<\/li><li><strong>Sea Waves (Coastal): <\/strong>Erodes cliffs, forms beaches (e.g., Konkan Coast).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Mass Wasting: Gravity-Driven Movement<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Landslides &amp; Rockfalls<\/strong>: Sudden slope collapse (e.g., Uttarakhand landslides).<\/li><li><strong>Mudflows &amp; Soil Creep: <\/strong>Slow to rapid movement of soil and debris.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Endogenic_Forces_Internal_Forces_of_Earth\"><\/span>What is Endogenic Forces (Internal Forces of Earth)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Endogenic forces<\/strong> originate from within the Earth due to<strong> internal heat and pressure, <\/strong>causing<strong> tectonic movements, earthquakes, volcanic activity,<\/strong> and<strong> mountain formation<\/strong>. These forces shape the Earth&#8217;s crust over time. <strong>These forces cause tectonic activities and lead to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Volcanism<\/li><li>Earthquakes<\/li><li>Diastrophism<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example: The Himalayas, formed due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Tectonic Movements: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/concept-of-continental-drift-theory\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Continental Drift<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/theory-of-plate-tectonics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Plate Tectonics <\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are the theories that align with tectonic movements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Continental Drift Theory: <\/strong>Proposed by Alfred Wegener, explains the movement of continents over geological time.<\/li><li><strong>Plate Tectonics Theory: <\/strong>Earth&#8217;s lithosphere is divided into plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle.<ul><li><strong>Divergent Boundaries: <\/strong>Plates move apart (e.g., Mid-Atlantic Ridge).<\/li><li><strong>Convergent Boundaries:<\/strong> Plates collide, forming mountains (e.g., Himalayas).<\/li><li><strong>Transform Boundaries:<\/strong> Plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes (e.g., San Andreas Fault).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Volcanism and Earthquakes: Causes, Effects &amp; Examples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Volcanism occurs when magma erupts from the mantle, forming volcanoes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Types: Active, Dormant, Extinct.<\/li><li>Examples: Mount Vesuvius (Italy), Kilauea (Hawaii).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Earthquakes are sudden release of energy due to fault movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Measured by: Richter Scale.<\/li><li>Effects: Ground shaking, tsunamis, landslides.<\/li><li>Examples: 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2015 Nepal Earthquake.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Folding and Faulting: Mountain Formation Processes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The Earth&#8217;s crust undergoes deformation due to tectonic forces, leading to folding and faulting, the key processes responsible for mountain formation and landform evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Folding (Orogeny)<\/strong><ul><li>Compression forces bend rock layers, forming fold mountains.<\/li><li>Examples: Himalayas, Alps.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Faulting (Epeirogeny)<\/strong><ul><li>Rocks break due to stress, leading to block mountains and rift valleys.<\/li><li>Examples: The Great Rift Valley, Vosges Mountains.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/concept-of-continental-drift-theory\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Concept of Continental Drift Theory<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Differences_Between_Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces\"><\/span>Key Differences Between Exogenic and Endogenic Forces<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Earth&#8217;s surface is constantly shaped by geomorphic forces, classified into<strong> exogenic forces (acting from outside)<\/strong> and<strong> endogenic forces (originating from within the Earth)<\/strong>. <strong>Let&#8217;s check the key differences between them:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Factor<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Exogenic Forces (External Forces of Earth)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Endogenic Forces (Internal Forces of Earth)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Origin<\/strong><\/td><td>External agents like wind, water, glaciers, and waves.<\/td><td>Internal processes such as mantle convection, heat, and pressure.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Nature<\/strong><\/td><td>Destructive \u2013 Breaks down existing landforms.<\/td><td>Constructive &amp; Destructive \u2013 Creates new landforms and modifies existing ones.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Process Type<\/strong><\/td><td>Gradual and slow (long-term changes).<\/td><td>Can be both slow (folding) and sudden (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Main Agents<\/strong><\/td><td>Geomorphic agents \u2013 Water, wind, glaciers, waves, and gravity.<\/td><td>Tectonic forces \u2013 Magma movement, seismic activity, plate movements.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Landforms Created<\/strong><\/td><td>Plains, valleys, deltas, sand dunes, and beaches.<\/td><td>Fold mountains, rift valleys, volcanoes, and plateaus.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/td><td>&#8211; Erosion: Grand Canyon (USA) by the Colorado River.<br>&#8211; Glacial Erosion: U-shaped valleys in the Swiss Alps.<br>&#8211; Coastal Deposition: Beaches along the Indian coastline.<\/td><td>&#8211; Mountain Formation: Himalayas (folding due to Indian-Eurasian plate collision).<br>&#8211; Volcanic Eruptions: Mount Fuji (Japan), Mount Etna (Italy).<br>&#8211; Earthquakes: San Andreas Fault (USA), 2015 Nepal Earthquake.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Applications<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Exogenic Processes<\/strong> influence agriculture, river management, and coastal planning due to erosion and deposition.<\/li><li><strong>Endogenic Processes<\/strong> are crucial in earthquake preparedness, volcanic hazard management, and understanding mountain formation.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Significance_of_Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces_in_Geography\"><\/span>Significance of Exogenic and Endogenic Forces in Geography<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Exogenic and endogenic forces shape the Earth\u2019s surface, influencing landform development, natural disasters, resource distribution, and human activities. Their study is essential for UGC NET Geography and environmental management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Landform Development <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Endogenic Forces create mountains, plateaus, and rift valleys through tectonic activity.<ul><li><strong>Example: Himalayas formed by the Indian-Eurasian plate collision.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Exogenic Forces modify landforms via weathering, erosion, and deposition.<ul><li><strong>Example: Grand Canyon carved by river erosion.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Natural Disasters &amp; Environmental Impact<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Endogenic Forces cause earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.<ul><li><strong>Example: 2015 Nepal Earthquake due to tectonic movement.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Exogenic Forces trigger floods, landslides, and soil erosion.<ul><li><strong>Example: Coastal erosion in Sundarbans, threatening ecosystems.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Influence on Human Activities &amp; Resources <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Agriculture: Soil fertility is enhanced by weathering and river deposition.<ul><li><strong>Example: Indo-Gangetic Plain, rich in alluvial soil.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Mining &amp; Energy Resources: Tectonic activity forms coal, petroleum, and mineral deposits.<ul><li><strong>Example: Deccan Traps are mineral-rich due to past volcanism.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Urban Planning &amp; Disaster Management: <\/strong><ul><li>Understanding geomorphic forces helps in earthquake-resistant infrastructure and flood control.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Climate and Environmental Changes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Exogenic processes influence wind patterns, water cycles, and coastal dynamics.<br>Volcanic eruptions from endogenic forces impact global temperatures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example: 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption led to temporary global cooling.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces\"><\/span>Exogenic and Endogenic Forces<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Exogenic and endogenic forces<\/strong> are fundamental in shaping the Earth&#8217;s surface, influencing landform formation, natural disasters, resource distribution, and human activities. While endogenic forces drive <strong>mountain building, earthquakes, and volcanic activity, exogenic forces<\/strong> modify landscapes through<strong> weathering, erosion, and deposition.<\/strong> Their study is essential for <strong>UGC NET Geography, disaster management, and sustainable development,<\/strong> helping predict natural hazards, manage resources, and plan resilient infrastructure for a balanced interaction between nature and human civilization. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Also Check: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/ugc-net-geography-previous-year-papers\/?ref=contstuti-ugc-net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UGC NET Geography Previous Year Papers<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exogenic_and_Endogenic_Forces_FAQs\"><\/span>Exogenic and Endogenic Forces FAQs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1740654586197\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">1. What are exogenic and endogenic forces?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Ans: Exogenic forces act externally (weathering, erosion), while endogenic forces originate within the Earth (earthquakes, volcanism).<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1740654595504\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">2. How do exogenic and endogenic forces differ?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Ans: Exogenic forces break landforms down, while endogenic forces create and modify them.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1740654628519\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">3. What is the role of tectonic movements in endogenic forces?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Ans: Tectonic movements drive earthquakes, mountain formation, and plate movements.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1740654649920\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">4. How do these forces affect human life?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Ans: Endogenic causes disasters (earthquakes, volcanoes), exogenic affects agriculture and erosion.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exogenic and Endogenic Forces: The Earth&#8217;s surface is constantly shaped by Exogenic and Endogenic Forces, which drive geological changes over<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":212956,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,10236,11846],"tags":[17455,17456],"class_list":["post-212935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-teaching-exams","category-ugc-net-teaching-exams","tag-exogenic-and-endogenic-forces","tag-ugc-net-geography-notes","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Exogenic and Endogenic forces - UGC NET Geography Notes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Master Exogenic and Endogenic Forces with easy-to-understand UGC NET Geography notes, concepts, differences, and insights in one place.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Exogenic and Endogenic Forces - UGC NET Geography Notes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Exogenic and Endogenic Forces: The Earth&#039;s surface is constantly shaped by Exogenic and Endogenic Forces, which drive geological changes over time.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-02-27T11:23:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-27T12:57:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"730\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Saloni Singhal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Saloni Singhal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/exogenic-and-endogenic-forces\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Saloni Singhal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/6aedd7baaab0f33dc2f40834a257f88c\"},\"headline\":\"Exogenic and Endogenic Forces &#8211; 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