{"id":228433,"date":"2025-09-18T15:06:40","date_gmt":"2025-09-18T09:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/?p=228433"},"modified":"2025-09-18T15:07:32","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T09:37:32","slug":"centre-state-relations-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Centre-State Relations in India: Legislative, Administrative &amp; Financial"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Centre-State_Relations\" >Centre-State Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Legislative_Relations\" >Legislative Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Administrative_Relations\" >Administrative Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Administrative_Relations-2\" >Administrative Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Issues_in_Centre-State_Relations\" >Issues in Centre-State Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Commissions_on_Centre-State_Relations\" >Commissions on Centre-State Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#Practice_Questions_on_Centre-State_Relations\" >Practice Questions on Centre-State Relations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/#FAQs_on_Centre-State_Relations\" >FAQs on Centre-State Relations<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Centre State Relations: <\/strong>India is a federal country with a unique balance between the Union and the States. Unlike the classical federal systems such as the USA, where both units enjoy equal status, the Indian Constitution establishes a federation with a strong Centre. This arrangement was designed to maintain the unity of a diverse nation and ensure effective governance, especially in times of crisis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The relations between the Union and the States are not limited to the sharing of power but also extend to administration, finance, and judicial functioning. Broadly, Centre-State relations in India can be studied under three heads:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Legislative Relations<\/strong> \u2013 Division of law-making powers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Administrative Relations<\/strong> \u2013 Distribution of executive authority<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Financial Relations<\/strong> \u2013 Sharing of financial resources<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, issues and commissions related to Centre-State relations provide important insights into how the system has evolved and one of the most important topics in <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/indian-polity\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Indian Polity<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-centre-state-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Centre-State_Relations\"><\/span>Centre-State Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Centre-State relations refer to the constitutional, political, and financial interactions between the Union and the States. They ensure that while States enjoy autonomy in their own sphere, the Centre retains enough authority to preserve national unity and handle matters of common importance. These relations are broadly divided into three categories: legislative, administrative, and financial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Type of Relation<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Articles<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Legislative<\/strong><\/td><td>245\u2013255<\/td><td>Distribution of law-making powers through Union, State, and Concurrent Lists<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Administrative<\/strong><\/td><td>256\u2013263<\/td><td>Division of executive authority, Centre\u2019s directions to States, All India Services<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Financial<\/strong><\/td><td>268\u2013293<\/td><td>Allocation of taxing powers, revenue sharing, grants-in-aid, Finance Commission<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-apfc\/?ref=conttm-aib\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">enrol in UPSC EPFO APFC Online coaching<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-legislative-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Legislative_Relations\"><\/span>Legislative Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Legislative relations define the scope of law-making authority of both the Union and State legislatures. Articles 245 to 255 of the Constitution deal with this aspect. The objective is to clearly demarcate subjects to minimize conflict and ensure smooth governance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-territorial-jurisdiction\"><strong>Territorial Jurisdiction<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Parliament<\/strong> can make laws for the whole of India or any part of its territory, including Union Territories. It is also the only body that can enact extra-territorial legislation, i.e., laws that apply outside the territory of India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>State legislatures<\/strong> can make laws for their entire state or a part of it, but they cannot legislate beyond their boundaries unless there is a clear territorial connection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-distribution-of-legislative-subjects\"><strong>Distribution of Legislative Subjects<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Constitution adopts a threefold distribution of subjects under the Seventh Schedule. The residuary powers, i.e., subjects not mentioned in any list, belong exclusively to the Parliament under Article 248.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>List<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Number of Subjects<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Power of Legislation<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Union List<\/td><td>100+ subjects<\/td><td>Exclusive power of Parliament (e.g., defence, foreign affairs, atomic energy)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>State List<\/td><td>60+ subjects<\/td><td>Exclusive power of State legislatures (e.g., police, public health, agriculture)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Concurrent List<\/td><td>50+ subjects<\/td><td>Both Parliament and States can legislate; in case of conflict, Union law prevails<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-parliamentary-legislation-in-state-field\"><strong>Parliamentary Legislation in State Field<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Parliament may legislate on matters in the State List under specific circumstances:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article 249<\/strong> \u2013 If Rajya Sabha passes a resolution by a two-thirds majority that it is in the national interest.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 250<\/strong> \u2013 During a National Emergency, Parliament can legislate on State subjects (laws remain valid for six months after emergency ends).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 252<\/strong> \u2013 If two or more states pass resolutions requesting Parliament to legislate on a State subject, Parliament can make laws applicable to those states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 253<\/strong> \u2013 To implement international treaties, agreements, or conventions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 356<\/strong> \u2013 When President\u2019s Rule is imposed, Parliament assumes State legislative power.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-centre-s-control-over-state-legislation\"><strong>Centre\u2019s Control over State Legislation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Certain State bills require the President\u2019s prior sanction before being introduced, such as those affecting freedom of trade and commerce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Governors may reserve specific bills for the consideration of the President.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During financial emergency (Article 360), the President can direct States regarding money bills or financial matters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-administrative-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Administrative_Relations\"><\/span>Administrative Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Administrative relations between the Union and the States are governed by Articles 256 to 263. They ensure coordination in implementing laws and policies, while also providing the Centre with supervisory authority over States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-distribution-of-executive-powers\"><strong>Distribution of Executive Powers<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Government has executive power over subjects on which Parliament can legislate, and also on matters involving treaties and agreements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The State Governments exercise executive powers over subjects in the State List and Concurrent List, but their actions must not conflict with Union laws.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-eo\/?ref=conttm-aib&amp;next=https:\/\/u1.oliveboard.in\/exams\/?c=epfoeo&amp;i=epfoeo#mtestdata\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">attempt UPSC EPFO APFC + EO\/AO Mock tests<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-union-directions-to-states\"><strong>Union Directions to States<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure uniformity and compliance, the Union can issue directions to States in matters such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Construction and maintenance of communication systems of national\/military importance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protection of railway operations and safety<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Education for linguistic minorities in their mother tongue at the primary stage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Implementation of welfare measures for Scheduled Tribes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integrated-judicial-system\"><strong>Integrated Judicial System<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Though India has a federal structure, it follows a single integrated judiciary. This ensures uniformity in the interpretation of laws made by both the Union and States, with the Supreme Court acting as the guardian of the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-other-provisions\"><strong>Other Provisions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article 355<\/strong> \u2013 Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Governor<\/strong> \u2013 Appointed by the President; acts as a link between the Centre and State.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>All India Services (IAS, IPS, IFS)<\/strong> \u2013 Common to both Union and States, but ultimate control rests with the Centre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-administrative-relations-0\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Administrative_Relations-2\"><\/span>Administrative Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Administrative relations between the Union and the States are governed by Articles 256 to 263. They ensure coordination in implementing laws and policies, while also providing the Centre with supervisory authority over States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-distribution-of-executive-powers-0\"><strong>Distribution of Executive Powers<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Government has executive power over subjects on which Parliament can legislate, and also on matters involving treaties and agreements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The State Governments exercise executive powers over subjects in the State List and Concurrent List, but their actions must not conflict with Union laws.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-union-directions-to-states-0\"><strong>Union Directions to States<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure uniformity and compliance, the Union can issue directions to States in matters such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Construction and maintenance of communication systems of national\/military importance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protection of railway operations and safety<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Education for linguistic minorities in their mother tongue at the primary stage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Implementation of welfare measures for Scheduled Tribes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integrated-judicial-system-0\"><strong>Integrated Judicial System<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Though India has a federal structure, it follows a single integrated judiciary. This ensures uniformity in the interpretation of laws made by both the Union and States, with the Supreme Court acting as the guardian of the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-eo\/?ref=conttm-aib&amp;next=https:\/\/u1.oliveboard.in\/exams\/?c=epfoeosec&amp;i=epfoeo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Attempt Sectional mock tests for UPSC EPFO APFC + EO\/AO<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-other-provisions-0\"><strong>Other Provisions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article 355<\/strong> \u2013 Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Governor<\/strong> \u2013 Appointed by the President; acts as a link between the Centre and State.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>All India Services (IAS, IPS, IFS)<\/strong> \u2013 Common to both Union and States, but ultimate control rests with the Centre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-issues-in-centre-state-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Issues_in_Centre-State_Relations\"><\/span>Issues in Centre-State Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite constitutional provisions, several issues persist in Centre-State relations:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Resource allocation disputes<\/strong> \u2013 States often complain of unfair devolution of central funds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>GST regime<\/strong> \u2013 Though it streamlined taxation, concerns remain about compensation to States.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Misuse of Article 356<\/strong> \u2013 Critics argue it has been used for political gains rather than genuine constitutional crises.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Governor\u2019s role<\/strong> \u2013 Seen as partisan and often acting as a representative of the Union government.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Central legislation vs. State autonomy<\/strong> \u2013 States have challenged laws like the CAA and NIA Act in the Supreme Court.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-eo\/?ref=conttm-aib&amp;next=https:\/\/u1.oliveboard.in\/exams\/lessons\/obnotesplus\/?c=epfoeon&amp;testid=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">get UPSC EPFO Notes for exam preparation<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-commissions-on-centre-state-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Commissions_on_Centre-State_Relations\"><\/span>Commissions on Centre-State Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Several expert commissions have examined Centre-State relations and suggested reforms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sarkaria Commission (1983):<\/strong> Advocated strengthening All India Services, restricting Article 356 misuse, and encouraging cooperative federalism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Punchhi Commission (2007):<\/strong> Recommended fixed tenure for Governors, devolution of powers to local bodies, and better mechanisms for handling inter-state disputes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NCRWC (2000):<\/strong> Suggested creation of Inter-State Trade and Commerce Commission, inclusion of disaster management in Concurrent List, and strengthening fiscal federalism.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-practice-questions-on-centre-state-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Practice_Questions_on_Centre-State_Relations\"><\/span>Practice Questions on Centre-State Relations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some practice questions on Centre State Relations which candidates can solve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Objective (MCQ)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Which Article gives residuary legislative powers to Parliament?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Under which Article can the Union legislate on a State List subject during an emergency?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which Article empowers the President to impose financial emergency?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Union List currently consists of how many subjects?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which Article empowers the Finance Commission to recommend tax devolution?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Short Answer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Explain the difference between statutory and discretionary grants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What is the role of the Governor in Centre-State relations?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mention two circumstances when Parliament can legislate on matters in the State List.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Why is India called a \u201cfederal system with a unitary bias\u201d?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What is the significance of Article 355 in administrative relations?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Long Answer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"11\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Discuss the financial relations between the Centre and the States with examples.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examine the role of the judiciary in maintaining Centre-State relations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Critically evaluate the misuse of Article 356 in Indian politics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Explain the recommendations of the Sarkaria and Punchhi Commissions on Centre-State relations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cCooperative federalism is the key to Indian democracy.\u201d Discuss with reference to Centre-State relations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer Key<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Article 248<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Article 250<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Article 360<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Around 100 subjects (originally 97, now increased)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Article 280<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Statutory grants are mandatory under Article 275, while discretionary grants under Article 282 are optional.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Governor acts as a link between Centre and State, appointed by the President, with power to reserve bills.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During a national emergency (Art. 250) and when Rajya Sabha passes a resolution (Art. 249).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Because Centre holds stronger powers, including residuary powers, emergency powers, and control over States.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It obligates the Union to protect States against aggression and disturbance.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Please Note:<\/strong> 11\u201315. Subjective, to be written by students in exam format.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faqs-on-centre-state-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_on_Centre-State_Relations\"><\/span><strong>FAQs on Centre-State Relations<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q1. What are Centre-State relations in India?<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>Centre-State relations refer to the constitutional arrangements that define the powers and responsibilities of the Union and State governments in legislative, administrative, and financial matters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q2. Which part of the Constitution deals with Centre-State relations?<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>Centre-State relations are mainly covered in Part XI (legislative and administrative relations) and Part XII (financial relations) of the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q3. What are the three types of Centre-State relations?<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>The Constitution divides Centre-State relations into three categories: legislative relations, administrative relations, and financial relations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q4. How does the Centre control State legislation?<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>The Centre controls State legislation through provisions such as the Governor reserving bills for the President\u2019s consideration, prior presidential sanction for specific bills, and Union supremacy in matters of the Concurrent List.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q5. What role does the Finance Commission play in Centre-State relations?<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>The Finance Commission, set up under Article 280, recommends the distribution of central taxes between the Union and the States and also advises on grants-in-aid to States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list is-grid columns-3 wp-block-latest-posts\"><li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-exam-analysis-2025\/\">UPSC EPFO Exam Analysis 2025, 30th November, Difficulty Level &amp; Good Attempts<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-admit-card\/\">UPSC EPFO Admit Card 2025 Out, APFC &amp; EO\/AO Hall Ticket Link<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/\">Industrial Relations &#038; Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2025, Free PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-air-1s-journey-strategy\/\">UPSC EPFO Topper&#8217;s Strategy, AIR 1&#8217;s Journery and Success Story<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-posting\/\">UPSC EPFO Posting for EO\/AO &amp; APFC: Transfers &amp; Growth<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-exam-date-2025-out\/\">UPSC EPFO Exam Date 2025, Admit Card Link for 230 Posts<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Centre State Relations: India is a federal country with a unique balance between the Union and the States. Unlike the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":228443,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,10210,62,10321],"tags":[18010,11528],"class_list":["post-228433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-epfo","category-government-exams","category-upsc-epfo","tag-centre-state-relations-in-india","tag-upsc-epfo","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Centre-State Relations in India: Legislative, Administrative &amp; Financial<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn Centre-State relations in India: types, articles, powers, issues, commissions, and practice questions for UPSC EPFO &amp; other exams.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/centre-state-relations-in-india\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Centre-State Relations in India: Legislative, Administrative &amp; Financial\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Centre State Relations: India is a federal country with a unique balance between the Union and the States. 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