{"id":28105,"date":"2019-01-16T21:31:28","date_gmt":"2019-01-16T16:01:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/?p=28105"},"modified":"2019-01-16T21:34:27","modified_gmt":"2019-01-16T16:04:27","slug":"ibps-so-it-officer-study-material-operating-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/ibps-so-it-officer-study-material-operating-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material | Operating Systems &#8211; Types and Functions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">IBPS SO Mains exam is just around the corner. We at Oliveboard have brought <strong>IBPS SO IT Officer study material<\/strong> related to Professional Knowledge for the candidates who are appearing for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">IBPS SO (IT) Main Exam<\/span><\/a>. Candidates can expect 5-6 questions from this topic of Operating System. Please go through them carefully.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material &#8211; OPERATING SYSTEM<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Operating System is the first and foremost system software that manages the hardware and application software\u2019s example, compiler, linker, DBMS etc. An operating system performs basic tasks such as controlling input and output devices, processing of instructions, controlling and allocating memory, managing files. It mainly provides an environment to run the software and serves services to computer hardware.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1)\u00a0<\/strong><b>Types of Operating System<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">There are different types of operating systems available, which require different types of hardware to run on. The operating systems are classified as;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.1) Single user operating system<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> This operating system allows only one user at a time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> They are known as single user operating system since they are used in PC&#8217;s and can handle single user at a time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">\u00b7 E.g.; MS-DOS, Windows 9X<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Solve IBPS SO Free MOCK TEST now,<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>to remember what you have learned in your\u00a0IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.2) Multi-user operating system<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">This operating system allows multiple users to access the computer system concurrently.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> It is used in computer networks that allow the same data and applications to be accessed by multiple users at the same time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> E.g.; UNIX, LINUX, WINDOWS 2000\/7<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.3) Multi-Tasking Operating System<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> In the Multi-tasking operating system, more than one process can be executed concurrently<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It also allows the user to switch between the running applications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Eg &#8211; LINUX, UNIX, WINDOWS 95.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.3.1) Pre-emptive Multi-Tasking OS \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It allows computer programs to share the operating system and underlying hardware resources, it \u00a0divides this overall operating and computing time between processes, and the switching of resources between different processes occurs through predefined criteria<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> E.g.; OS\/2, Windows 95\/NT.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.3.2) Cooperative Multi-Tasking OS<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It is the simplest form of multi-tasking. In it, each program can control the CPU for as long as it needs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">If a program is not using the CPU, however, it can allow another program to use it temporarily.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">E.g.; Mac OS, MS Window 3-x, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Solve IBPS SO Free MOCK TEST now,<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>to remember what you have learned in your\u00a0IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0<\/span><b>1.4) Real-Time Operating System(RTOS)<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The main objective of real-time operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events than any other operating system.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">They are designed to respond to an event within a predetermined time and the processing is done within a time constraint.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">They are often used in flight reservation system and military applications<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> E.g.; Lynx, OS, HP-RT. The types of RTOS are explained below;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.4.1) Hard Real-Time OS<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">This type of operating system can absolutely guarantee a maximum time for the operations, it performs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.4.2) Soft Real-Time OS \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It is a type of operating system that cannot absolutely guarantee a maximum time for the operations, it performs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Solve IBPS SO Free MOCK TEST now,<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>to remember what you have learned in your\u00a0IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.5) Embedded Operating System<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> An operating system is embedded when it refers to an operating system which is self-contained in the device and resident in Read Only Memory (ROM).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">They are very compact and extremely efficient by design.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> They are used in appliances such as microwaves, washing machines, traffic control system, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">E.g.; WINDOWS CE, Minix-3, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.6) Batch Processing Operating System<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> In the Batch processing operating system, a number of jobs are put together and executed as a group.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It is responsible for scheduling the jobs according to priority and the resource required.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> It works in two steps, the first step deals with the storage of processes in the form of a batch(collection) know as the accumulation of jobs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">These jobs are processed in a sequential manner within the batch. This stage of working is known as a periodical of jobs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1.7)Distributed Operating System<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> Distributed means data can be stored and processed on multiple locations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It uses multiple central processors to serve multiple real-time applications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> Data processing jobs are distributed among the processors according to their efficiency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The processors communicate through various communication lines such as high-speed buses or telephone lines.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Solve IBPS SO Free MOCK TEST now,<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>to remember what you have learned in your\u00a0IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">An operating system is a large and complex software consisting of several components. It is responsible for managing all the resources attached to a computer system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">We have listed the functions below which are provided by the operating system to the convenience of users.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>1) Process Management<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The word process means a program under execution. It refers to the task which is currently being executed by the processor(CPU). Operating system handles the creation and deletion of processes and also manages the \u201cscheduling\u201d and \u201csynchronization\u201d of the process.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> Process management is an important part of an operating system as it enables the activities of planning, monitoring, and performance of a process.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> A process requires certain system such as processor time, files, I\/O devices etc. All these tasks are handled by OS as process manager<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>2) Memory Management<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It takes care of the allocation and De-allocation of main memory to various processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Managing the primary memory, sharing and minimizing memory access time are uses of memory management.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> It is used in keeping track of memory usage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> Performance of memory management is crucial for the performance of the entire system.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Solve IBPS SO Free MOCK TEST now,<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>to remember what you have learned in your\u00a0IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>3) File Management<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> File management module of operating system manages files held on various storage devices as well as transfers a file from one storage device to another.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">The file management includes creating and deleting both files and directories, allocating space for files, security etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>4 )Input\/Output Management<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">This Input\/output management module of the OS coordinates and assigns different input and output devices such as printers, disk drives etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">It controls and keep tracks of I\/O requests, and sends commands to these devices to take measures for data transmission from I\/O devices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">I\/O management depends on features such as Speed, Unit of transfer, Data Representation, Buffering, and Spooling.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>5)Storage Management<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">Storage Management is a process which describes the processes used by an organization to improve the performance of their data resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">This data or files will be stored in the computers in such a way that an authorized user can easily access and use it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\"> Storage Management can help to improve the data centre\u2019s performance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #000000;\">That would be all from our end. We will try our best to provide you with quality study materials so that it can benefit you for your exams in every possible way. You can practice from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/ibps-so\/?ref=blog\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Oliveboard Mock Tests<\/strong><\/span><\/a> to excel in exams. All the Best.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IBPS SO Mains exam is just around the corner. We at Oliveboard have brought IBPS SO IT Officer study material<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28107,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,31,45,2586],"tags":[9979,9993,1706],"class_list":["post-28105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-bank-exams","category-ibps-so","category-notes","tag-ibps-so-2018-it-officer-study-material","tag-ibps-so-2018-main-exam-study-material","tag-ibps-so-it-officer-study-material","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material | Operating Systems - Oliveboard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material | Know all about the Operating Systems - Types and Functions for you IBPS SO 2018 Main Exam\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/ibps-so-it-officer-study-material-operating-systems\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IBPS SO IT Officer Study Material | Operating Systems - Types and Functions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"IBPS SO Mains exam is just around the corner. 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