{"id":57681,"date":"2026-09-02T18:46:44","date_gmt":"2026-09-02T13:16:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/?p=57681"},"modified":"2026-09-02T18:46:46","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T13:16:46","slug":"industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/","title":{"rendered":"Industrial Relations &amp; Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2026, Free PDF"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#What_are_Industrial_Relations_and_Labour_Laws_Notes_for_UPSC_EPFO_2026\" >What are Industrial Relations and Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2026?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#Why_is_this_topic_important_for_UPSC_EPFO\" >Why is this topic important for UPSC EPFO?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#What_is_industrial_relations\" >What is industrial relations?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#Why_are_labour_laws_important\" >Why are labour laws important?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#What_are_the_four_Labour_Codes_important_for_UPSC_EPFO_2026\" >What are the four Labour Codes important for UPSC EPFO 2026?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#Which_are_the_key_labour_laws_for_the_UPSC_EPFO_exam\" >Which are the key labour laws for the UPSC EPFO exam?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#FAQs\" >FAQs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>The UPSC EPFO Exam 2026 includes many questions from Industrial Relations and Labour Laws. This is one of the most important parts of the syllabus under the Labour Laws, Industrial Relations, and Social Security section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Industrial Relations and Labour Laws are core areas of the UPSC EPFO Exam 2026. A clear understanding of these topics will help you perform better in the exam and in your future role as an EPFO officer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-for-upsc-epfo-2026\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_Industrial_Relations_and_Labour_Laws_Notes_for_UPSC_EPFO_2026\"><\/span>What are Industrial Relations and Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2026?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Understanding these laws helps candidates know how workers\u2019 rights, wages, and welfare are protected in India. These laws also help maintain peace between employees and employers, which is essential for productivity and growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To help you prepare effectively, we have created a Free E-Book on Industrial Relations and Labour Laws for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-apfc-notification\/?ref=contac-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UPSC EPFO Exam 2026<\/a>. This e-book includes easy notes, key concepts, and summaries of all important Acts in one place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/labour-laws-and-industrial-relations\/?ref=contac-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download the Free Labour Laws E-Book for UPSC EPFO <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_is_this_topic_important_for_UPSC_EPFO\"><\/span>Why is this topic important for UPSC EPFO?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This section is not only important for scoring well in the exam but also for understanding the real-world application of labour laws. As future officers in the Employees\u2019 Provident Fund Organisation, you\u2019ll handle worker benefits, industrial disputes, and welfare schemes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It has a high weightage in the EPFO paper.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It requires conceptual understanding rather than rote memorization.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It helps in interview discussions and real-world job roles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-industrial-relations\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_industrial_relations\"><\/span>What is industrial relations?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Industrial Relations refers to the relationship between employers, employees, and the government. A healthy relationship helps in maintaining peace and increasing productivity. Good industrial relations mean fair wages, safe working conditions, respect for employees, and open communication between workers and management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-apfc\/?ref=contac-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Enroll  for UPSC EPFO APFC Online Courses<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-the-objectives-of-industrial-relations\">What are the objectives of industrial relations?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The main aim of Industrial Relations is to maintain peace and cooperation between employers and employees. It ensures fair treatment of workers and smooth functioning of industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the types of industrial relations?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Industrial relations include different kinds of relationships such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Labour Relations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Group Relations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Employer\u2013Employee Relations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Community or Public Relations<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-the-models-of-industrial-relations\">What are the models of industrial relations?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two major models that explain how industrial relations work:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Craig\u2019s Model:<\/strong> Explains feedback systems and external influences that affect industrial relations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dunlop\u2019s Model:<\/strong> Focuses on the roles of actors, rules, and environment in industrial systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the approaches to industrial relations?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Different thinkers have proposed various approaches to understand industrial relations. These approaches help us understand the reasons behind cooperation or conflict in industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Psychological Approach<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sociological Approach<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Human Relations Approach<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gandhian Approach<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unitary and Pluralistic Approaches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marxist Approach<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-apfc-mock-test\/?ref=contac-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Attempt A Free UPSC EPFO APFC Mock Test Today!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_are_labour_laws_important\"><\/span>Why are labour laws important?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Labour laws are made to protect the rights of workers, regulate working conditions, and ensure equality and justice. They cover areas like wages, safety, social security, and welfare. The Ministry of Labour and Employment manages these laws and ensures that workers in both the organized and unorganized sectors get fair treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Industrial Relations Laws<\/strong> \u2013 related to disputes and trade unions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Wage Laws<\/strong> \u2013 ensure fair pay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Social Security Laws<\/strong> \u2013 provide long-term benefits.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Working Conditions Laws<\/strong> \u2013 ensure safety and good working environments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Protective Laws<\/strong> \u2013 prevent child labour and discrimination.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_four_Labour_Codes_important_for_UPSC_EPFO_2026\"><\/span>What are the four Labour Codes important for UPSC EPFO 2026?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India has consolidated 29 existing Central labour laws into four Labour Codes. These Codes cover important areas such as wages, industrial relations, social security, and occupational safety and working conditions. For UPSC EPFO 2026, candidates should understand the purpose, key provisions, and coverage of all four Labour Codes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th>Labour Code<\/th><th>Key Focus<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Code on Wages, 2019<\/strong><\/td><td>Minimum wages, payment of wages, bonus and equal remuneration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Industrial Relations Code, 2020<\/strong><\/td><td>Trade unions, industrial disputes, strikes and standing orders<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Code on Social Security, 2020<\/strong><\/td><td>Provident fund, pension, gratuity, maternity benefits and social security<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020<\/strong><\/td><td>Workplace safety, health, welfare and working conditions<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Important update:<\/strong> These four Labour Codes are now the key framework for studying labour laws. Candidates should also be familiar with important provisions of the earlier Acts because the Codes consolidate and replace several existing labour laws.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-prep-kit\/?ref=contac-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download the UPSC EPFO Prep Kit<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_are_the_key_labour_laws_for_the_UPSC_EPFO_exam\"><\/span>Which are the key labour laws for the UPSC EPFO exam?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Below is a table that lists the important Acts that you must study for the UPSC EPFO exam. Each law plays a unique role in defining the rights and duties of workers and employers. Download the Industrial Relations &amp; Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2026 Free PDF for more details.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th><strong>Act \/ Bill Name<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Purpose &amp; Overview<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><tr><td>Payment of Wages Act, 1936<\/td><td>Ensures timely and full payment of wages without unauthorised deductions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Minimum Wages Act, 1948<\/td><td>Sets minimum wage rates to protect workers from exploitation.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Trade Union Act, 1926<\/td><td>Governs registration and rights of trade unions to promote collective bargaining.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Factories Act, 1948<\/td><td>Regulates labour welfare, health, and safety in industrial workplaces.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Industrial Disputes Act, 1947<\/td><td>Provides procedures for investigation and resolution of disputes.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Employees\u2019 Provident Fund Act, 1952<\/td><td>Ensures long-term financial security via provident fund and pension schemes.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maternity Benefit Act, 1961<\/td><td>Provides paid maternity leave and benefits for women employees.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972<\/td><td>Rewards employees for long-term service upon retirement or resignation.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Also Check:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Particulars<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Link<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UPSC EPFO Labour Laws Notes<\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/labour-laws-and-industrial-relations\/?ref=contac-nai-upsc-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download Free PDF<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UPSC EPFO Labour Laws Practice Quiz PDF<\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-epfo-prep-kit\/?ref=contac-nai-upsc-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download Now<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UPSC EPFO APFC Previous Year Papers<\/td><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-previous-year-question-papers\/?ref=contac-nai-upsc-epfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download Now<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faqs\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span>FAQs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1788354667706\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">1. What are the four Labour Codes in India?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The four Labour Codes are the Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1788354668535\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">2. When did the four Labour Codes come into force?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The four Labour Codes came into force on 21 November 2025.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1788354669668\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">3. How many labour laws have been consolidated under the four Labour Codes?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The four Labour Codes rationalise 29 existing Central labour laws.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1788354670143\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">4. What does the Code on Wages, 2019 cover?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">It covers minimum wages, payment of wages, bonus and equal remuneration.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1788354670680\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">5. What does the Code on Social Security, 2020 cover?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">It covers social security benefits such as provident fund, pension, gratuity and maternity benefits.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list is-grid columns-3 wp-block-latest-posts\"><li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-posting\/\">UPSC EPFO Posting for APFC and EO\/AO Posts, Transfers &amp; Growth<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-vacancy-trend-analysis\/\">UPSC EPFO Vacancy 2026, Vacancy Trend Analysis for Last 3 Years<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-job-profile\/\">UPSC EPFO APFC Job Profile 2026, Pay Scale, Responsibilities<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-general-science-and-basic-computer-quiz\/\">UPSC EPFO General Science &amp; Basic Computer Application Practice Quiz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-general-science-and-computer-application-syllabus\/\">UPSC EPFO General Science &amp; Basic Computer Application Syllabus 2026<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-epfo-principles-of-accountancy-auditing-andinsurance-syllabus\/\">UPSC EPFO Principles of Accountancy, Auditing and Insurance Syllabus 2026<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The UPSC EPFO Exam 2026 includes many questions from Industrial Relations and Labour Laws. This is one of the most<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":250855,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2586,10237,10321],"tags":[18106,11528],"class_list":["post-57681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-notes","category-preparation-resources","category-upsc-epfo","tag-industrial-relations-labour-laws-notes","tag-upsc-epfo","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Industrial Relations &amp; Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2026, Free PDF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Prepare for the UPSC EPFO Exam 2026 with our comprehensive Industrial Relations &amp; Labour Laws Notes for better understanding.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Industrial Relations &amp; Labour Laws Notes for UPSC EPFO 2026, Free PDF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The UPSC EPFO Exam 2026 includes many questions from Industrial Relations and Labour Laws. This is one of the most important parts of the syllabus under\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-02T13:16:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-02T13:16:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UPSC-EPFO-2-1.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"730\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"AditiOB\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Oliveboard\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"AditiOB\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"AditiOB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/0cbc4ac8555ced346681804861de062c\"},\"headline\":\"Industrial Relations &amp; 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What are the four Labour Codes in India?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The four Labour Codes are the Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354668535","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354668535","name":"2. When did the four Labour Codes come into force?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The four Labour Codes came into force on 21 November 2025.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354669668","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354669668","name":"3. How many labour laws have been consolidated under the four Labour Codes?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The four Labour Codes rationalise 29 existing Central labour laws.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354670143","position":4,"url":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354670143","name":"4. What does the Code on Wages, 2019 cover?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"It covers minimum wages, payment of wages, bonus and equal remuneration.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354670680","position":5,"url":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/industrial-relations-and-labour-laws-notes-upsc-epfo-eo\/#faq-question-1788354670680","name":"5. What does the Code on Social Security, 2020 cover?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"It covers social security benefits such as provident fund, pension, gratuity and maternity benefits.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57681","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57681"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57681\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":250856,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57681\/revisions\/250856"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/250855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}