{"id":77501,"date":"2021-08-12T10:56:56","date_gmt":"2021-08-12T05:26:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/?p=77501"},"modified":"2021-08-12T10:56:57","modified_gmt":"2021-08-12T05:26:57","slug":"internal-resistance-of-a-cell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/internal-resistance-of-a-cell\/","title":{"rendered":"Internal Resistance of a Cell"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/internal-resistance-of-a-cell\/#What_is_Internal_Resistance_of_a_Cell\" >What is Internal Resistance of a Cell<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/internal-resistance-of-a-cell\/#Electrodes_in_A_Cell\" >Electrodes in A Cell<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/internal-resistance-of-a-cell\/#Unit_of_Measurement\" >Unit of Measurement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/internal-resistance-of-a-cell\/#FAQ\" >FAQ<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>In this blog, we are going to go through the topic of the Internal Resistance of a Cell. It is an important topic from the Physics (General Science Section). Questions on Physics are very common in Government Exams like SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, Railway RRD Group D, State Govt Exams, etc.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Internal_Resistance_of_a_Cell\"><\/span><strong>What is<\/strong><strong> Internal Resistance of a Cell<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Typically, internal resistance refers to an electrical resistance caused inside power supplies and inside batteries (a group of cells), which can limit potential differences that could have been supplied to the external load. &nbsp;In other words, internal resistance refers to that resistance offered by the electrodes and electrolyte at the time of the current flow. &nbsp;The electrodes and the electrolytes oppose the current flow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/bank-exams\/?ref=ContTM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prepare for Govt Exams with Free Mock Test<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electrodes_in_A_Cell\"><\/span><strong>Electrodes in A Cell<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Each cell has 2 terminals referred to as the cell\u2019s electrodes. &nbsp;One electrode is positive, and the other is negative. The positive electrode is referred to as an anode and the negative one as a cathode. You can put together two or more cells serially or parallel to form a battery.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To make a closed circuit, you need to connect the cell\u2019s terminal with a wire. &nbsp;Only when the circuit is complete will the electric current flow from the negative terminal to the positive one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During discharge, the positive terminal is a cathode, and the negative terminal is an anode. &nbsp;The positive terminal is an anode at the charge time, and the negative terminal is a cathode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the external circuit, electric current will flow from the cell\u2019s positive to the cell\u2019s negative terminal via various circuit elements. For maintaining continuity, the current needs to flow via the cell\u2019s electrolyte, from the negative terminal to the positive one. During the current flow process within the&nbsp;cell, the cell\u2019s electrolyte offers resistance to the current flow. &nbsp;This resistance is referred to as the&nbsp;<strong>internal resistance of a cell<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In other words, the internal resistance is the opposition offered to the flow of current by the batteries and cells themselves, leading to heat generation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When a cell is fresh, its internal resistance is low, and as the cell ages, the global resistance increases. &nbsp;When the resistance increases, it leads to a drop in voltage when the current flows through it. This resistance is created by the electrodes and the electrolyte that is there in the cell. The internal resistance is caused by the electrolyte and electrodes that oppose the flow of current within the cell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unit_of_Measurement\"><\/span><strong>Unit of Measurement<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The unit for measuring internal resistance is Ohms (\u03a9). &nbsp;The unit of measurement of electromotive force (emf) is Volts (V).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The relationship that exists between internal resistance (r) and emf (e) of cells can be shown as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e = I (r R)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e = EMF in Volts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I = current (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R = Load resistance,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r = cell\u2019s internal resistance in ohms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the above equation is rearranged, you get:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e = IR Ir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e = V Ir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The V in the equation above represents the potential difference (terminal) across the cell when the current (I) flows through the circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to remember that at all times, a cell\u2019s electromotive force (e) will be more than the p.d. across the cell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let us look at an example. &nbsp;Assume that with no current in a circuit, the p.d. of the cell is as much as 3 V. With an I = 0.37 Ampere current flowing, there is a fall in terminal p.d. that drops to 2.8 Volts. What will be the internal resistance of the cell (r)?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can solve it in the following manner:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e = V Ir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(e \u2013 V)\/I = r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;e \u2013 V = Ir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>r = (3.0 \u2013 2.8)\/0.37 = 0.54 Ohm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because the sell produces internal resistance, some electrical energy becomes heat energy. &nbsp;This is caused by the electrons that move within the cell. So, the p.d. that the remaining circuit receives will be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V = e (cell\u2019s emf) \u2013 Ir (internal resistor&#8217;s p.d.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/bank-exams\/?ref=ContTM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prepare for Govt Exams with Free Mock Test<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now that you know the basic concept and calculation of the <strong>internal resistance of a cell<\/strong>&nbsp;practice more and read further to build on your concepts and skills.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQ\"><\/span><strong>FAQ<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1628595329713\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the meaning of the\u00a0<strong>internal resistance of a cell<\/strong>?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Internal resistance refers to the electrical resistance caused inside power supplies and batteries (made up of cells), limiting potential differences that could have been supplied to the external load. \u00a0<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1628595347360\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the difference in the internal resistance in a new cell and an aged cell?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">When a cell is fresh, its internal resistance is low, and as the cell ages, the international resistance increases. \u00a0<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this blog, we are going to go through the topic of the Internal Resistance of a Cell. It is<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":77625,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Internal Resistance of a Cell- Electrodes and Unit of Measurement<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Are you studying or looking for information on the Internal Resistance of a Cell? 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