{"id":84935,"date":"2021-11-10T13:05:44","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T07:35:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/?p=84935"},"modified":"2021-11-10T13:05:44","modified_gmt":"2021-11-10T07:35:44","slug":"5-year-plans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/","title":{"rendered":"5-year plans- Overview, Outline, Planning Process, Origin"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of content<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/#Planning_Process_In_India\" >Planning Process In India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/#Origin_Of_5-year_Plans\" >Origin Of 5-year Plans:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/#Overview_Of_5-Year_Plans_In_India\" >Overview Of 5-Year Plans In India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/#Outline_Of_5-Year_Plans\" >Outline Of 5-Year Plans:&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/#Major_Key_Points_Of_5-Year_Plans\" >Major Key Points Of 5-Year Plans<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/5-year-plans\/#Five_Years_Plan_FAQs\" >Five Years Plan: FAQs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>In this article, we will be giving you complete information regarding the planning process in India and why it is important for the socio-economic growth of our country. Five Year Plans (FYPs) are national economic initiatives that are streamlined and coordinated. Under the socialist influence of India\u2019s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, India established its first FYP in 1951 shortly after Independence. The Indian economy was built on the concept of planning from 1947 to 2017. This was established, implemented, and monitored by the;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Planning Commission (1951-2014) and,<\/li><li>NITI Aayog&#8217;s Five-Year Plans (2015-2017)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-civil-services\/?ref=ContTM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Take Your Mock Test Here<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Planning_Process_In_India\"><\/span><strong>Planning Process In India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning in India is a transparent process. Much of the debate and controversy surrounding the preparation of the plan is open to the public. The original estimates and assumptions are either publicly stated or easily deduced, and the planners are sensitive to and receptive to criticism and ideas from a wide range of national and international sources. Plan making in India has evolved as a responsive democratic political process, from initial formulation to subsequent amendments to parliamentary presentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Origin_Of_5-year_Plans\"><\/span><strong>Origin Of <\/strong><strong>5-year Plans<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India&#8217;s planned economic development began in 1951 with the establishment of the First Five Year Plan but its theoretical efforts began much earlier, even before independence. The main advances in this direction were:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;Establishment of the National Planning Committee in 1938 by the Indian National Congress<\/li><li>Bombay Plan and Gandhian Plan in 1944<\/li><li>&nbsp;Peoples Plan in 1945<\/li><li>Jaiprakash Narayan&#8217;s Sarvodaya Plan in 1950<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The procedure of FYP began with the establishment of the Planning Commission in March 1950. Through this plan, the government aimed to promote a rapid rise in the people&#8217;s standard of living by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;Efficient Utilization of the country&#8217;s resources<\/li><li>&nbsp;Increased production<\/li><li>Providing employment opportunities<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview_Of_5-Year_Plans_In_India\"><\/span><strong>Overview Of <\/strong><strong>5-Year Plans<\/strong><strong> In India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Five-Year Plan was started in 1951, and two more five-year plans were developed until 1965 when the Indo-Pakistan Conflict forced a pause. After that, the planning process came to a halt due to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;Drought in two consecutive years<\/li><li>&nbsp;currency depreciation<\/li><li>&nbsp;a general rise in costs<\/li><li>&nbsp;resource erosion&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The fourth Five-year plan began in 1969, after three Annual Plans between 1966 and 1969.&nbsp; Due to the rapidly changing political situation at the Centre, the Eighth Plan was not able to start in 1990, and the years 1990-91 and 1991-92 were considered as Annual Plans. After the implementation of structural adjustment programs, the Eighth Plan was fully launched in 1992. The main focus of the first eight Plans was on public sector growth with huge financing in primary and heavy industries but the starting of the Ninth Plan in 1997, the focus on the public sector was reduced, and planning strategy in the country became more indicative.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Outline_Of_5-Year_Plans\"><\/span><strong>Outline Of <\/strong><strong>5-Year Plans<\/strong><strong>:&nbsp;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Plans<\/td><td>Time Period<\/td><td>Target Growth<\/td><td>Actual Growth<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>First Plan<\/td><td>1951-1956<\/td><td>2.1%<\/td><td>3.6%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Second Plan<\/td><td>1956-1961<\/td><td>4.5%<\/td><td>4.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third Plan<\/td><td>1961-1966<\/td><td>5.6%<\/td><td>2.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fourth Plan<\/td><td>1969-1974<\/td><td>5.7%<\/td><td>3.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fifth Plan<\/td><td>1974-1979<\/td><td>4.4%<\/td><td>4.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sixth Plan<\/td><td>1980-1985<\/td><td>5.2%<\/td><td>5.7%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Seventh Plan<\/td><td>1985-1990<\/td><td>5.0%<\/td><td>6.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eighth Plan<\/td><td>1992-1997<\/td><td>5.6%<\/td><td>6.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ninth Plan<\/td><td>1997-2002<\/td><td>6.5%<\/td><td>5.4%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tenth Plan<\/td><td>2002-2007<\/td><td>8.0%<\/td><td>7.6%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eleventh Plan<\/td><td>2007-2012<\/td><td>9.0%<\/td><td>8.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Twelfth Plan<\/td><td>2012-2017<\/td><td>8.0%<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Major_Key_Points_Of_5-Year_Plans\"><\/span><strong>Major Key Points Of <\/strong><strong>5-Year Plans<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>First Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It was established under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru from 1951 to 1956. With a few tweaks, it was based on the Harrod-Domar model. Its main focus was on the country&#8217;s agricultural development. This strategy worked well, with a 3.6 percent growth rate. Five IITs were established in the country as a result of this initiative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Second Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jawaharlal Nehru was the leader of this project, which lasted from 1956 until 1961. It was created using the P.C. Mahalanobis Model from 1953. Its main focus was on the country&#8217;s industrial development. Many experts questioned this strategy, and India experienced a payment problem in 1957 as a result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Third Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Under Jawaharlal Nehru&#8217;s leadership, it was created between 1961 and 1966. This plan is also known as the &#8216;Gadgil Yojna,&#8217; after D.R. Gadgil, the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission. The plan&#8217;s principal goal was to make the economy self-sufficient. Agriculture was emphasized, as was the improvement in wheat production. India was involved in two conflicts during &nbsp;this plan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>&nbsp;Sino-India war (1962)<\/li><li>&nbsp;Indo-Pakistani war (1965)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to warfare and famine, the idea failed miserably.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fourth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Under the leadership of Indira Gandhi, it lasted from 1969 until 1974. This strategy had two key objectives:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Expansion with stability&nbsp;<\/li><li>Gradual self-sufficiency<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Fourteen major Indian banks were nationalized during this time, and the Green Revolution began. The 1971 Indo-Pakistani War and the Bangladesh Liberation War occurred. One of the Plan&#8217;s key goals was to implement Family Planning Programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fifth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It lasted from 1974 to 1978. The main priorities of this plan were:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Garibi Hatao<\/li><li>Employment<\/li><li>Agricultural productivity<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1975, the Electricity Supply Act was revised, the Minimum Needs Programme (MNP) was established, and the Indian National Highway System was established. The freshly elected Moraji Desai government put an end to the scheme in 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sixth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the reign of Indira Gandhi, it lasted from 1980 until 1985. This plan&#8217;s main goal was to achieve economic liberalization by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Reducing poverty<\/li><li>Establishing technological independence.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;It was founded on Yojna investment, infrastructure changes, and a growth model trend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Seventh Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;It lasted from 1985 to 1990, and Rajiv Gandhi was the prime minister during that time. The major aim of this plan was:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Creation of a self-sufficient economy<\/li><li>Possibilities for gainful employment<\/li><li>&nbsp;Technological advancement&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;With a focus on &#8216;food, work, and productivity,&#8217; the Plan attempted to increase foodgrain output, increase employment opportunities, and raise productivity. The private sector was given precedence over the public sector for the first time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Eighth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the leadership of P.V. Narasimha Rao, it lasted from 1992 to 1997. The development of human resources, such as employment, education, and public health, was given primary attention in this plan. The main economic outcomes throughout the eighth plan period were:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rapid economic growth<\/li><li>Significant growth in the agriculture&nbsp;<\/li><li>The rise in exports and imports<\/li><li>Improvement in trade&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ninth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Under the leadership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee, it lasted from 1997 to 2002. &#8220;Growth with Social Justice and Equality&#8221; was the plan&#8217;s key goal. It was launched to commemorate India&#8217;s 50th year of independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tenth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It lasted from 2002 to 2007, with Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh as its leaders. In the next ten years, this plan aimed to double India&#8217;s per capita income. It also sought to bring the poverty rate down to 15% by 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Eleventh Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;It lasted from 2007 to 2012, and Manmohan Singh was the prime minister during that time. It was led by C. Rangarajan. The main focus of the conference was &#8220;rapid and more inclusive growth.&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Twelfth Five Year Plan:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It lasted from 2012 to 2017, with Manmohan Singh as its head. &#8220;Faster, more inclusive, and sustainable growth&#8221; is the key subject. It aimed for an annual growth rate of 8%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/upsc-civil-services\/?ref=ContTM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Take Your Mock Test Here<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Final Words<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a long time, there had been a notion that centralized planning, with its one-size-fits-all approach, could not last long in a large country like India. Finally, the Narendra Modi-led NDA administration abolished the Five-Year Plans in 2015. As a result, India&#8217;s 12th five-year plan is regarded as its final five-year plan. From April 1, 2017, the Niti Aayog, which succeeded the Planning Commission in the Modi Cabinet, has been launching three-year action plans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Five_Years_Plan_FAQs\"><\/span><strong>Five Years Plan: FAQs<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1636529168363\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">When and by whom was the first <strong>5-year plan<\/strong> implemented in India?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The first five-year plan was implemented in 1951 under the leadership of the first Prime Minister of independent India, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1636529241731\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">How many <strong>5-year plans<\/strong> have been executed in India till now?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Twelve FYP&#8217;s have been executed in India till 2015. Five-year plans were abolished in 2015 by the NDA administration.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list wp-block-latest-posts\"><li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-admit-card-2024\/\">UPSC CSE Prelims Admit Card 2024 Out, Link to Download PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-cse-final-result-2023\/\">UPSC CSE Final Result 2023 Out, Download the Result PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-exam-centers-2024\/\">UPSC Exam Centers 2024, Prelims &#038; Mains Exam Center List<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-cse-selection-process\/\">UPSC CSE Selection Process 2024, Prelims, Main, Interview<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oliveboard.in\/blog\/upsc-cse-notification-2024-out\/\">UPSC CSE Notification 2024, Vacancy and Important Dates<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, we will be giving you complete information regarding the planning process in India and why it is<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":84944,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,5217,2248],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-ssc-prep","category-upsc-cse","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>5-year plans- Overview, Outline, Planning Process, Origin 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