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Periodic Table, Chemistry Study Notes for SSC CGL

Periodic Table – Chemistry Study Notes: The periodic table is a chart that organizes all known chemical elements in order of their increasing atomic number. It helps understand element properties, trends, and classifications. In this blog, we explain the periodic table in a simple way, useful for SSC CGL 2025 preparation. These notes are also helpful for other exams like SSC CHSL, SSC MTS, RRB NTPC, and similar government exams.

Periodic Table Definition

The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of elements, is a chart where elements are arranged based on their atomic numbers. It is built on the Modern Periodic Law, which states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers (not atomic masses as earlier proposed by Mendeleev).

Modern Periodic Table

The modern periodic table contains 118 elements. In the modern periodic table, the elements are arranged according to their atomic numbers. The periodic table is divided into groups and periods. The vertical rows are called groups and horizontal rows are called periods.

periodic table
Image Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

There are 7 periods and 18 groups in the modern periodic table. The periodic table is further divided into 4 blocks depending on the number of atomic orbitals that are filled with electrons. The four blocks are as follows:

s-block

p-block

d-block

f-block

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Periodic Table for SSC CGL – FAQs

Q1. What is the periodic table in chemistry?

Ans. It is a chart that organizes elements by increasing atomic number.

Q2. What is the modern periodic law?

Ans. Properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.

Q3. How many periods are there in the modern periodic table?

Ans. There are 7 horizontal periods in the modern periodic table.

Q4. How many elements are there in the modern periodic table?

Ans. The modern periodic table consists of 118 known elements.

Q5. What are d-block elements known as?

Ans. d-block elements are known as transition metals.