Knowing important facts about Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh will help you questions in all stages of the exam. The weightage of this topic is also increasing slowly. Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh have a long history and the geographical conditions in the state are diverse. The Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh also varies significantly across the state due to these variances. We have come up with this blog to help you in getting a quick overview.
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Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh | Highlights
Important Communities in Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu region
Dogra community
Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group predominantly in the Jammu region. They speak the language Dogri.
Gujjars
Ethnic nomadic, agricultural, and pastoral community with their own language. They variously follow Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism
Bakkarwals
Bakkarwals are nomadic herders with their goats and sheep and are a subset of the buffalo herding Gujjars
Kashmir region
Kashmiri Muslims
The majority of Kashmiri Muslims are Sunni. Kashmiri language, or Koshur, is the mother tongue of the majority of Kashmiri Muslims
Kashmiri Pandits
This community is a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India who majorly speak Kashmiri or Koshur language.
Music
Influenced by Sufiana Kalam, North Indian music, Tibetian style and Central Asian music
Folk music
Chakri
Chakri is a responsorial song form (The chorus and the leader part alternate) with instrumental parts, and it is played with instruments like the harmonium, the rubab, and the sarangi
Ladishah
Ladishah is a sarcastic form of singing that are sung resonating to the present social and political conditions and are utterly humorous.
Sufiana Kalam
It refers to Sufi devotional poetry, which conveys obstruse mystical meanings in simple
Words.
Musical instruments
Santoor is the most significant musical instrument in the state. It is an instrument of hundred strings. Famous Santoor players such as Pandit Shiv Kumar and Bhajan Sopori belong to this state.
Other important instruments include Rabab, Dukra, Sitar, Nagara. Famous instruments of Ladakh include Surna and Daman.
Dance
Kud
It is a celebration and a ritual by grateful villagers after the harvesting of crops, to thank the Gramdevata or village deity for protecting crops, cattle, and people from natural disasters.
Heren
It is a ritual dance performed in honour of Lok Devatas. This dance style is performed mostly during the festival of Lohri at night.
Karak
It is sung by a community called Jogies who narrate a popular folk tale in their dance style performed alongwith the folk instrument ‘Rabab’
Bhand Pather
Performed by a group of 10 – 15 artists in a satirical style where social traditions are questioned. The satires are full of irony and often depict the triumph of the good over the evil.
Bhand Jashan
It is known as the ‘festival of clowns’. The dance is the combination of the play and dance in a satirical style.
Hafiz Nagma
A famous classical dance form is performed by one female dancer accompanied with instruments played by male artists. It is performed based on the Sofiyiana Kalam, the classical music of the state.
Rouff
Rouff is a traditional dance form usually performed by women on certain important occasions like marriage and other functions and in cultural activities. It mainly consists of sad songs.
Mask Dance
Hemis festival is the best time to witness this dance form. where dancers dress like mythological figures with colourful masks. It is generally performed in monasteries.
Handicrafts
Important handicrafts of Jammu and Kashmir include Carpet weaving, Namdas weaving (cotton and woollen rugs), Shawl Making (Shahtoosh, Pashmina shawls), Chain Stitch Work on Crewel Furnishings, Basketry, Copperware and Silverware and Papier Mache.
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