International Relations is an important topic for JKPSC KAS and various other government exams. Knowing India’s Foreign Policy will help you use the data in several objective and descriptive answers and ensure you can answer questions in interviews as well. Read along to get an overview of India’s Foreign Policy in this blog for your reference.
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India’s Foreign Policy | Highlights
Top 3 Trading partners of India
| Bilateral Relations | Total Trade | Top Exports | Top Imports |
| India – USA | USD 119.42 billion (2021-22) *India has trade surplus with US | USD 76.11 billion in 2021-22 | USD 43.31 billion in 2021 – 22 |
| India – China | USD 115.42 billion (2021-22) *Trade gap – USD 72.91 billion in 2021-22 | USD 21.25 billion (2021-22) | USD 94.16 billion (2021-22) |
| India – UAE | USD 72.878 billion (2021-22 | USD 28.04 billion (2021-22) | USD 44.83 (2021-22) |
Foreign Policy of India
Challenges faced by India
- China is the only country with positive economic growth during the pandemic. It is pushing aggressively for Belt and Road Initiative and improving connectivity with Europe and Central Asia. India has. It is also making significant advancement in Defence, Science and Technology. China is cautious of India’s strengthening ties to the United States.
- China and the US will likely confront each other in political, economic, commercial, technological, military and information sectors putting added pressure on India.
- Strengthening ties between China and Russia. Both Russia and China are involved in Middle East energy markets and building partnerships in Africa and also gaining access to naval ports
- Iraq remains the top exporter of oil to India. Complicated relations in the middle east is always a concern for India’s energy security.
Steps being taken by India
- Strengthening relations with Oman (Duqm port), Assumption Island, Indonesia (Sabang port) and to stop China from enlarging its string of pearls as part of BRI.
- Bilateral Defence Technology and Trade Initiative (DTTI) since 2012 between India and US that intends to reduce India’s dependency on Russia as 70% of India’ s defence is of Soviet origin.
- Improving self-reliance in defense through ‘Make in India’. India abstained from voting at the UN Security Council and UN General Assembly related to Russia’s war in Ukraine.
- India has started sourcing crude oil from other countries in Africa and US to reduce complete dependency on middle eastern countries especially OPEC countries
- Improving relations with neighbouring countries. Eg : Through Mission Sagar India has provided assistance to 15 Friendly Foreign Countries during COVID-19 pandemic
The Road Forward
- Improve focus on Neighbouring countries such as Bangladesh, Sri Lanka to counter China’s growth as China has gained access to several ports in the Indian Ocean Region.
- To create a resilient supply chain and improve manufacturing capability to reduce dependency on other countries and make itself less vulnerable.
- Improve the renewable energy capability to meet carbon emission targets and reduce dependency on imports
- Enhance its defence capabilities to counter China’s growing military influence
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I have been creating exam related content for 3 years now. Having appeared for UPSC, SSC, Railway and Banking Exams myself, I understand and create relevant content, important from exams point of view. I am currently creating content for SSC, Railway, J&K and Law entrance exams. During my free time, I love bingewatching shows or read novels.
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