Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh

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Knowing important facts about Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh will help you questions in all stages of the exam. The weightage of this topic is also increasing slowly. Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh have a long history and the geographical conditions in the state are diverse. The Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh also varies significantly across the state due to these variances. We have come up with this blog to help you in getting a quick overview.

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Art and Culture of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh | Highlights

Important Communities in Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu region

Dogra community

Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group predominantly in the Jammu region. They speak the language Dogri.

Gujjars

Ethnic nomadic, agricultural, and pastoral community with their own language. They variously follow Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism

Bakkarwals

Bakkarwals are nomadic herders with their goats and sheep and are a subset of the buffalo herding Gujjars

Kashmir region

Kashmiri Muslims

The majority of Kashmiri Muslims are Sunni. Kashmiri language, or Koshur, is the mother tongue of the majority of Kashmiri Muslims

Kashmiri Pandits

This community is a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India who majorly speak Kashmiri or Koshur language.

Music

Influenced by Sufiana Kalam, North Indian music, Tibetian style and Central Asian music

Folk music

Chakri

Chakri is a responsorial song form (The chorus and the leader part alternate) with instrumental parts, and it is played with instruments like the harmonium, the rubab, and the sarangi

Ladishah

Ladishah is a sarcastic form of singing that are sung resonating to the present social and political conditions and are utterly humorous.

Sufiana Kalam

It refers to Sufi devotional poetry, which conveys obstruse mystical meanings in simple

Words.

Musical instruments

Santoor is the most significant musical instrument in the state. It is an instrument of hundred strings. Famous Santoor players such as Pandit Shiv Kumar and Bhajan Sopori belong to this state.

Other important instruments include Rabab, Dukra, Sitar, Nagara. Famous instruments of Ladakh include Surna and Daman.

Dance

Kud

It is a celebration and a ritual by grateful villagers after the harvesting of crops, to thank the Gramdevata or village deity for protecting crops, cattle, and people from natural disasters.

Heren

It is a ritual dance performed in honour of Lok Devatas. This dance style is performed mostly during the festival of Lohri at night.

Karak

It is sung by a community called Jogies who narrate a popular folk tale in their dance style performed alongwith the folk instrument ‘Rabab’

Bhand Pather

Performed by a group of 10 – 15 artists in a satirical style where social traditions are questioned. The satires are full of irony and often depict the triumph of the good over the evil.

Bhand Jashan

It is known as the ‘festival of clowns’. The dance is the combination of the play and dance in a satirical style.

Hafiz Nagma

A famous classical dance form is performed by one female dancer accompanied with instruments played by male artists. It is performed based on the Sofiyiana Kalam, the classical music of the state.

Rouff

Rouff is a traditional dance form usually performed by women on certain important occasions like marriage and other functions and in cultural activities. It mainly consists of sad songs.

Mask Dance

Hemis festival is the best time to witness this dance form. where dancers dress like mythological figures with colourful masks. It is generally performed in monasteries.

Handicrafts

Important handicrafts of Jammu and Kashmir include Carpet weaving, Namdas weaving (cotton and woollen rugs), Shawl Making (Shahtoosh, Pashmina shawls), Chain Stitch Work on Crewel Furnishings, Basketry, Copperware and Silverware and Papier Mache.

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