The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN), also known as the PM Janjati Nyay Maha Abhiyan. PM JANMAN is a flagship scheme of the Government of India launched on 15 November 2023, a day celebrated as Janjatiya Gaurav Divas.
The mission aims to uplift Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) by ensuring they get access to housing, clean drinking water, healthcare, education, sanitation, livelihood, and connectivity. It is one of the most significant tribal welfare initiatives in India’s history, covering 75 PVTG communities in 18 states and 1 Union Territory.
The scheme’s budgetary outlay is ₹24,104 crore for the period 2023–24 to 2025–26, with both central and state government contributions.
Why was Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan Launched?
India has more than 700 tribal communities, but among them, Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) represent the most marginalized sections. These groups are characterized by:
- Pre-agricultural level of technology
- Stagnant or declining population
- Extremely low literacy rates
- Subsistence-level economy
- Geographic isolation
Despite multiple welfare schemes, PVTGs were often left behind due to a lack of documents, remoteness, and limited awareness. PM-JANMAN was launched to bridge these gaps and ensure saturation of government schemes in these communities.
Who are the Beneficiaries of PM-JANMAN?
The PM-JANMAN scheme directly benefits some of the most disadvantaged and remote tribal families in India.
- Target group: 75 PVTG communities
- Geographical coverage: Spread across 18 states and 1 UT (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)
- Households covered: About 10.7 lakh households living in 28,700 habitations across 194 districts
What are the Objectives of PM-JANMAN?
The mission has four broad objectives:
- Saturation of basic facilities – Provide housing, clean water, sanitation, healthcare, and education in all PVTG habitations.
- Improved infrastructure – Build pucca houses, roads, electricity, and internet connectivity.
- Human development – Enhance access to nutrition, skill development, and livelihood opportunities.
- Inclusion and empowerment – Ensure all households receive basic documents like Aadhaar, caste certificates, and Jan Dhan accounts to access benefits.
How is PM-JANMAN Implemented?
The scheme follows a multi-ministerial, multi-sectoral approach.
- Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Tribal Affairs
- Collaborating Ministries: 9 line ministries, including:
- Ministry of Rural Development
- Ministry of Jal Shakti
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
- Ministry of Women & Child Development
- Ministry of Power
- Ministry of Education
- Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship
- Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
- Department of Telecommunications
Implementation is carried out in partnership with state governments.
What are the Key Features of PM-JANMAN?
The PM Janjati Nyay Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN) is a major government scheme launched in 2023 to improve the living conditions of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). It focuses on providing basic facilities such as housing, water, healthcare, education, livelihood, electricity, and digital connectivity.
To achieve this, the scheme brings together several ministries and runs through multiple sub-schemes already in place, ensuring that tribal communities receive complete support for their development.
| Focus Area | Facilities Provided | Scheme |
| 1. Housing and Infrastructure | – Pucca houses for PVTG families – Road connectivity to habitations | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) |
| 2. Water and Sanitation | – Piped water supply – Community-based water projects for villages with less than 20 households | Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) |
| 3. Healthcare | – Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) with medicines – Wellness centers for preventive and curative healthcare | National Health Mission (NHM) |
| 4. Education and Nutrition | – Hostels for tribal students – Anganwadi centers for nutrition and early education – Vocational training opportunities | Samagra Shiksha Anganwadi Services PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) |
| 5. Livelihood Support | – Establishment of Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs) – Promotion of forest-based products, skills, and entrepreneurship | PM Janjatiya Vikas Mission & related livelihood programs |
| 6. Power and Renewable Energy | – Electrification of unelectrified households – Solar initiatives for remote areas, including: → Solar Home Lighting Systems (SHLS) → Solar Mini-Grids → Solarisation of Multipurpose Centers (MPCs) | Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS) New Solar Power Scheme |
| 7. Digital and Mobile Connectivity | – Installation of mobile towers in tribal areas | Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) |
What is the Budgetary Allocation for PM-JANMAN?
The details of the budgetary allocation for PM-JANMAN are as follows:
- Total Outlay: ₹24,104 crore
- Central Share: ₹15,336 crore
- State Share: ₹8,768 crore
- Coverage Period: FY 2023–24 to FY 2025–26
Additionally, a separate ₹515 crore allocation was made for the New Solar Power Scheme.\
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What is the New Solar Power Scheme under PM-JANMAN?
This scheme is crucial for villages where grid connectivity is not feasible.
- Solar Home Lighting Systems (SHLS): Installed free of cost in scattered households with 5 years of maintenance.
- Solar Mini-Grids: For clustered households, providing appliances like LED bulbs and fans.
- Solarisation of Multipurpose Centers (MPCs): Installation of solar power packs with government support.
What are the Latest Updates on PM-JANMAN?
The latest updates on PM-JANMAN highlight the progress made in reaching PVTG communities through awareness campaigns, infrastructure development, and renewable energy initiatives.
These achievements show the scheme’s impact on improving basic facilities and living standards.
- IEC Campaign (Aug–Sep 2024): Awareness drive covering 44.6 lakh individuals in 28,700 habitations. Helped families prepare Aadhaar, caste certificates, and Jan Dhan accounts.
- Infrastructure Progress:
- 2,26,064 pucca houses sanctioned (19,788 completed)
- 578 MMUs deployed
- 2,90,676 tap water connections provided
- 2,746 km of roads constructed
- 1,23,530 households electrified
- Solar Electrification: 5,067 households sanctioned under the New Solar Power Scheme
Key Takeaway Table
| Feature | Details |
| Launch Date | 15 November 2023 (Janjatiya Gaurav Divas) |
| Full Name | Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN) |
| Objective | Socio-economic upliftment of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) |
| Target Group | 75 PVTGs in 18 states + 1 UT |
| Budget | ₹24,104 crore (2023–26) |
| Nodal Ministry | Ministry of Tribal Affairs |
| Key Interventions | Housing, water, healthcare, education, nutrition, livelihood, electrification, connectivity |
| Special Component | New Solar Power Scheme (₹515 crore) |
| Documents Facilitation | Aadhaar, caste certificate, Jan Dhan account |
Questions Based on Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)
Q1. PM-JANMAN was launched on which occasion?
a) Republic Day 2023
b) Independence Day 2023
c) Janjatiya Gaurav Divas 2023
d) Gandhi Jayanti 2023
e) Constitution Day 2023
Answer: c) Janjatiya Gaurav Divas 2023
Q2. How many PVTG communities are covered under PM-JANMAN?
a) 72
b) 75
c) 80
d) 65
e) 60
Answer: b) 75
Q3. Which ministry is the nodal ministry for PM-JANMAN?
a) Ministry of Rural Development
b) Ministry of Social Justice
c) Ministry of Tribal Affairs
d) Ministry of Panchayati Raj
e) Ministry of Skill Development
Answer: c) Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Q4. What is the total budgetary outlay of PM-JANMAN?
a) ₹10,000 crore
b) ₹15,336 crore
c) ₹24,104 crore
d) ₹30,500 crore
e) ₹8,768 crore
Answer: c) ₹24,104 crore
Q5. The New Solar Power Scheme under PM-JANMAN has a budget of:
a) ₹100 crore
b) ₹515 crore
c) ₹1,000 crore
d) ₹2,000 crore
e) ₹750 crore
Answer: b) ₹515 crore
Q6. Which scheme provides pucca houses under PM-JANMAN?
a) PMGSY
b) PMAY-G
c) JJM
d) RDSS
e) PMKVY
Answer: b) PMAY-G
Q7. Which scheme ensures road connectivity for PVTGs?
a) PMGSY
b) JJM
c) NHM
d) RDSS
e) USOF
Answer: a) PMGSY
Q8. How many households were covered under the IEC campaign (2024)?
a) 5 lakh
b) 8 lakh
c) 10.7 lakh
d) 15 lakh
e) 20 lakh
Answer: c) 10.7 lakh
Q9. Which department installs mobile towers under PM-JANMAN?
a) Ministry of Power
b) Ministry of Skill Development
c) Department of Telecommunications
d) Ministry of Jal Shakti
e) Ministry of Education
Answer: c) Department of Telecommunications
Q10. The PM-JANMAN scheme runs for which period?
a) 2022–2025
b) 2023–2026
c) 2023–2025
d) 2024–2027
e) 2021–2024
Answer: b) 2023–2026
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