Questions on Ancient Indian History are commonly asked in different SSC, Railway & other government exams. It is one of the most important sections of Indian history. Get complete study notes on Ancient Indian History in this blog.
Indus Valley Civilization (2500 BC – 1500 BC)
The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) marks the beginning of Proto-History in India. It is also called the Harappan Civilization because Harappa was the first site to be discovered. This was one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations.
People began living in well-planned cities with wide roads, advanced drainage systems, and houses made of baked bricks. The civilization also had trade links with Mesopotamia, showing its economic and cultural connections.
Important sites include:
- In present-day Pakistan: Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Ganeriwala
- In present-day India: Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, Lothal, and Rupar
Since Harappa was the first site discovered, the entire civilization is often referred to as the Harappan Civilization. It developed mainly in the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent.
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Ancient History Free E-book for SSC preparation
Prepare smarter for SSC CGL and other government exams with this comprehensive Ancient History e-book. It covers key topics like Pre-history, Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Age, Mahajanapadas, Buddhism, Jainism, Mauryan Empire, and much more. Includes past year questions and practice MCQs to help you revise effectively.
Ancient Indian History – Vedic Age (1500 BC – 600 BC)
The Vedic Age is the period when the Vedas, the oldest sacred texts of India, were composed in Vedic Sanskrit. This era is divided into Early Vedic (1500–1000 BC) and Later Vedic (1000–600 BC) periods.
There are four Vedas:
- Rig Veda – The oldest and most important Veda. It belongs to the Early Vedic period and contains hymns praising natural forces like fire, sun, and wind.
- Sama Veda – Known for its musical chants, it forms the foundation of Indian classical music.
- Yajur Veda – Contains ritual formulas used during religious ceremonies.
- Atharva Veda – Includes spells, charms, and folk traditions, reflecting the daily life and beliefs of the people.
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Ancient Indian History – FAQs
Ans. Because Harappa was the first site discovered.
Ans. Asked in SSC Stenographer, Railway ALP, and MPPSC exams.
Ans. Spells, charms, and folk traditions of daily life.
Ans. The Rig Veda contains hymns praising natural forces like Agni (fire), Surya (sun), and Vayu (wind).
Ans. Questions from the Vedic period, Vedas, and societal structure are frequently asked in SSC CGL, CHSL, Railway ALP, and Group D exams.
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