Chandrayaan 2 Mission – All You Need To Know

These days be it Newspapers, magazines or news channels, everywhere you can see one thing in common – Chandrayaan 2. ISRO started its second Lunar Mission and was only 2km away on proving its mettle. The event is important from exam point of view as good number of questions are expected on this topic in all the upcoming exams. So, every serious aspirant preparing for banking, SSC or any government exams must know each and everything about the mission.  Hence to help our readers gain an insight, here we are providing you with all the details you need to be aware of Chandrayaan 2 mission.

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Chandrayaan 2 Mission – Introduction

Chandrayaan-2 is the second Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) mission under Chandrayaan program. The ISRO moon orbiter, lander and rover were launched into space atop a Geosynchronous Satellite launch vehicle (GSLV) Mark III-M1 rocket from Satish Dhawan Space Centre on Sriharikota Island on July 22, 2019. 

Purpose of Chandrayaan-2

• • The objective of Chandrayaan 2 is to perform the soft-land on the lunar surface and manage the robotic rover on the surface of the moon.
  • Scientists target  includes the studying of  lunar surface Topography, mineralogy, elemental abundance, the lunar surface exosphere.
  • Explore an unchartered territory south pole of the moon and ascertain circulatory patterns of water, if any.

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Chandrayaan2 Design

The Chandrayaan mission was launched on a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III (GSLV MK III) with an approximate liftoff mass of 3850 kg from Satish Dhawan Space Centre on Sriharikota Island. (Source -: Wikipedia)

Orbiter

As of September 2019 orbiter is orbiting the moon on the polar orbit at an altitude of 100 km. The orbiter carries eight scientific instruments. The approximate launch mass was 2,379 kg.

Vikram Lander

The Vikram Lander parted from the orbiter and descended to a Lunar orbit using its 800 N  main engines. 

It then performed a comprehensive check of all its onboard system before attempting soft landing that would have deployed the rover and perform scientific research for approximately 14 earth days.

 Vikram spacecraft evidently crash-landed. The approximate combined mass of lander and rover is 1,471 kg.

Pragyan Rover

The rover’s mass is about 27 kg and will be totally operated on solar power. The rover will move on six wheels performing on-site chemical analysis and sending the data to lander which will relay it to the mission control on earth.

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Highlights of Chandrayaan 2 Mission

Budget

The mission has an issued budget of 978 crore rupees which includes 603 crore rupees for the space segment and 375 crore rupees as launch costs on GSLV-III.

Chandrayaan 2 Mission – Important Dates

• ISRO has inched towards a historic feat after the launch of Chandrayaan-2. It is the second lunar research mission developed by INDIAN SPACE RESEARCH ORGANISATION (ISRO) which was set to land on the south pole of the moon. 
• It was launched on 22 July 2019 with ISRO GSLV-111-M1 rocket. The 3840 kg spacecraft equipped with a lunar orbiter, the Vikram lander, and the Pragyan lunar rover all of which were developed in India.
• The spacecraft left the earth orbit on August 14 and was transferred to a Moon orbit through a manoeuvre called trans lunar insertion then after few days the lander christened Vikram successfully separated from the orbiter and was injected in a lower Moon orbit.
• On September 7th smooth landing of lander was planned and normal performance was observed upto an altitude of 2.1 km. Subsequently, communication between lander and ground station lost.
• It was India’s first interplanetary mission that was performed by two female ISRO scientist M Vanitha and Ritu Karidhal, M Vanitha hold the position for project director and Ritu Karidhal hold the position for mission director.

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Key People

Key scientists and engineers involved in Chandrayaan mission are:

1. Dr K Sivan – ISRO Chairman. 
2. Mylswamy Annadurai – Project Director, Chandrayaan-2.
3. Ritu Karidhal – Mission Director, Chandrayaan-2.
4. Muthayya Vanitha – Project Director, Chandrayaan-2.
5. Chandrakanata Kumar – Deputy Project Director, Chandrayaan-2.
6. Amitabh Singh – Deputy Project Director, Chandrayaan-2.

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Conclusion

The main motive of this mission was to find moon water along with any other valuable mineral which would be contributing in the creation of a future moon colony. All of this on a budget of 978 crore! Thus, Chandrayaan2 was the model for low-cost moon missions in future. India’s second moon mission has already set the tone for the proposed Indian manned space flight by 2022.
Source: Wikipedia, ISRO Website.

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