Horticulture Ebook for NABARD Grade A
Want to Ace the Agricultural & Rural Development section in the NABARD Grade A Exam? Well, you don’t need to worry as we are here to help you out with the ARD section in the form of free ebooks. This blog will help you prepare for the Horticulture Topic of the NABARD Grade A Exam. Horticulture is a branch of agriculture that focuses on the science and art of cultivating fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, algae, seaweeds, and non-food crops such as grass and ornamental trees and plants. It encompasses a wide range of activities related to plant cultivation, from growing and harvesting to post-harvest processing and management. Horticulture plays a crucial role in providing food, fiber, medicinal plants, and ornamental plants to meet human needs.
Horticulture Ebook for NABARD Grade A – Notes
Horticulture has been defined as the agriculture of plants, mainly for food, materials, comfort, and beauty for decoration. The term Horticulture is derived from 2 Latin words: “Hortus” meaning garden and “cultura” meaning cultivation. A more precise definition can be, “It is the cultivation, processing, and sale of fruits, nuts, vegetables, and ornamental plants as well as many additional services”. It also includes plant conservation, landscape restoration, soil management, landscape and garden design, construction and maintenance, and arboriculture.
Branches of Horticulture
Horticulture includes various fields and a diversity of crops. Here are a few branches of Horticulture.
1. Pomology: it is a branch of botany that studies and cultivates fruit. Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation, and physiological studies of fruit trees.
2. Olericulture: It is the science of vegetable growing, dealing with the culture of non-woody plants for food.
3. Floriculture: Floriculture, or flower farming, is a discipline of horticulture concerned with the cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry, comprising the floral industry. The development, via plant breeding, of new varieties, is a major occupation of floriculturists.
4. Spices Crop: This refers to the cultivation of crops like cardamom, pepper, nutmeg, etc.
5. Plantation Crops: This term refers to the cultivation of crops like rubber, coffee, coconut, tea, etc.
6. Post-Harvest Technology: This term refers to the dealings of post-harvesting handling, dealing, packaging, grading, processing, storage, marketing of horticulture crops, etc.
Types of Fruits
The fruit’s growth and cultivation are seasonal and are based on the temperature and season outside. There are basically 3 types of seasons:
1. Tropical Climate: A tropical climate is a non-arid climate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures warmer than 18 °C. Fruits that appear in this season are as follows- Mango, Banana, Papaya, Pineapple, Jackfruit, Avocado, Cashew, etc.
2. Subtropical Climate: Subtropical climates are often characterized by hot summers and mild winters with infrequent frost. Fruits growing in this season are- Guava, Grape, Citrus, Date Palm, pomegranate, litchi, etc.
3. Temperate: The temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes, which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. Fruits appearing in this season are Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Apricot, Walnut, Almond, etc.
India is considered the 2nd largest producer of fruits after China. The leading fruit-bearing states in India are Karnataka, Bihar, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh & Andhra Pradesh where Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer in India.
Vegetable Crops
India ranks 2nd in vegetable production and it accounts for close to 13% of the total world production of vegetables. West Bengal has been a top vegetable producer in India.
Importance of Horticulture
- India is blessed with various types of soils and varied agro-climatic conditions as a result of which the country has the advantages of growing a variety of horticultural crops in particular and other crops in general.
- Horticulture has risen as a source of medicine. Various types of medicinal and herbal plants grow on our land which is important from the medical perspective.
- It enriches the diet. It provides us with critical nutrients and a balanced diet.
- Diets low in fruits and vegetables contribute significantly to some of the world’s most widespread and debilitating nutrient-related disorders.
- It has increased incomes across categories.
- Farmers growing high-value crops, such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, or herbs, consistently earn more than those growing other commodities.
- Horticulture is helping in increasing farmer profits and diversifying nutrient-rich diets.
Horticulture Ebook for NABARD Grade A – PDF
In the below ebook, you will find below mentioned details:
- What is Plantation Agriculture – Major Crops Grown, Characteristics
- Agronomy
- Horticulture
- Horticulture vs Agronomy
- Horticulture Division
- Factors Influencing while Plantation in Horticulture
- Tropical Zones
- Propagation, Vegetative Propagation
- Types of Vegetative Propagation
- Breeding, and much more
Also, check out the below-given links
How to Prepare for NABARD Grade A Exam?
If you are a candidate who has never prepared for the NABARD Grade A Exam before and is scared of the Agriculture section that is asked in the exam, then you must check out the following success stories:
Success Story of Anantha Giri Padmanabhan
Success Story of Himanshu Baliyan
Special Note: Any Graduate candidate from any discipline can apply for this exam. With a systematic way of preparation, aspirants can smoothly get good marks in the Agriculture section.
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