Directions : Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In December 1988, a UK health minister's announcement that a large proportion of domestic egg production carried Salmonella enteritidis led to a sharp decline in consumer confidence. Retail egg sales dropped by nearly 60 percent, and many eggs were withdrawn from sale or destroyed. The public perceived eggs as unsafe, and the poultry farming sector faced a severe economic and reputational crisis.
To restore confidence and improve safety, government authorities aligned with industry stakeholders to introduce new safety standards. In 1998, the British Lion Quality Scheme was established, requiring mandatory vaccination of laying hens against Salmonella. Eggs produced under the scheme had to carry a visible stamp, the Lion mark, ____A____ on each egg. This stamp included a producer code, a "best before" date, and was backed by end-to-end traceability measures audited to the ISO 17065 standard. The scheme covered a large majority of all UK egg production.
Under the British Lion Scheme, each egg marked with the Lion code signified that it was laid by vaccinated hens, tracked from farm to retailer, and subjected to regular inspections. The producer code enabled full traceability back to the source, and the "best before" date provided consumers with freshness assurance. The auditing against ISO 17065 standards ensured that certification procedures were maintained with integrity. The Lion mark thus served not just as a label, but as a commitment to systematic quality control and safety.
Following the implementation of the Lion Scheme, the frequency of Salmonella enteritidis cases linked to eggs declined significantly across the UK and the wider European Union, where coordinated control measures were applied. Over time, the Lion mark grew into a trusted quality assurance symbol for retailers and consumers. By the late 2010s, guidance from UK health authorities even allowed for runny or lightly cooked eggs to be served safely to vulnerable population groups, provided the eggs bore the Lion stamp, reflecting industry confidence in the scheme's safety integrity.
Which statement best summarizes the transformation of the UK egg sector after the 1988 Salmonella crisis?
1.Egg sales rose by nearly 60 percent in 1988, restoring confidence immediately.
2.The British Lion Scheme ended in 1990 after failing to cover most of the industry.
3.The Lion code meant eggs were no longer inspected once they reached retailers.
4.Vulnerable groups were permanently banned from eating runny eggs, even if stamped.
5.The Lion mark combined vaccination, stamping, traceability, and inspections, reducing Salmonella cases and becoming a trusted symbol of safety.
Correct Answer : 5
Solution :
(a) is incorrect - Paragraph 1 shows sales dropped by nearly 60 percent, not rose.
(b) is incorrect - Paragraph 2 explains the Lion Scheme began in 1998 and covered a large majority of UK eggs, not ended in 1990.
(c) is incorrect - Paragraph 3 states Lion-marked eggs were tracked from farm to retailer and subjected to regular inspections, not exempted.
(d) is incorrect - Paragraph 4 shows that by the late 2010s, health authorities actually permitted vulnerable groups to eat runny eggs if Lion-stamped.
(e) is correct - Across the four paragraphs, the passage highlights the combined measures: mandatory vaccination, egg stamping with codes and dates, ISO-audited traceability, regular inspections, and health outcomes. These steps cut Salmonella cases and built the Lion mark into a widely trusted quality assurance symbol.
Hence, option (e) is the correct answer.
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