Words A with C and B with D are to be interchanged as mentioned. In the place of word A, a noun is required to denote the subject of the sentence and in the place of word C, an adjective is required. Accordingly, word A 'oldest' is an adjective and word C, 'Varanasi', is a noun that can take each other's place. Similarly, in the place of word B, a word is required to complete the phrase with 'known' and in the place of word D, a plural noun is required. Accordingly, word B, 'cities', is a plural noun and word D, 'well', is a word that completes the phrase with 'known', and thus they interchange their positions, respectively.
The correct sentence is: Varanasi is well known for being among the oldest living cities on Earth.
Hence, the correct answer is option (e).
Note:
Qualifiers: A word or phrase that limits the meaning of another word or phrase or makes it less general. 'Adverbs' and 'adjectives' are qualifiers.
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