The blank requires a verb in continuous form (V4) to be used along with the preposition 'while'. In options (a) and (b), 'use' and 'implement' are in the base form of the verb (V1), so they are negated. In options (c) and (e), 'reporting' (give a spoken or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or investigated) and 'commending' (present as suitable for approval or acceptance; recommend) are contextually irrelevant to the given sentence, so they are negated. In option (d), 'involving' (have or include (something) as a necessary or integral part or result) and 'incorporating' (take in or contain (something) as part of a whole; include) are the contextually and grammatically correct words that can fill the blank as required.
Hence, the correct answer is option (d).
Note:
V1 -> Base form/simple form of verb, V2 -> Past form of verb (-ed form or irregular verb), V3 -> Past participle form of verb (-ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n), V4 -> Continuous form of verb / Present participle form of verb (-ing form), V5 -> Third person singular (V1+ -es or -s).
A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun or a noun equivalent (pronoun, adverb, gerund, infinitive, adverbial clause, or any clause that can be used as the object of the preposition) and shows a relationship in space or time or a logical relationship between two or more people, places, or things in a sentence.
Examples
I. The teacher scolded the child for being late.
II. We're going to a party.
· The words in bold are called prepositions because they normally take a position before (pre) a noun/pronoun or a noun equivalent (pronoun, adverb, gerund, infinitive, adverbial clause, or any clause that can be used as the object of the preposition.
· The noun/pronoun which is used with a preposition is called its Object.
Study Notes
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