Let's look at the meanings of the given words.
Bringing: take or go with (someone or something) to a place.
Removed: take (something) away or off from the position occupied.
Renovated: restore (something old, especially a building) to a good state of repair.
Filed: submit (a legal document, application, or charge) to be placed on record by the appropriate authority.
Lodging: present (a complaint, appeal, claim, etc.) formally to the proper authorities.
The sentence talks about registering a complaint. The passive voice should be used here as the action is on the subject 'petition'. So, a past participle verb is used after the helping verb 'was'. According to this, options (a) and (e) are eliminated because they are not past participle verbs. Options (b) and (c) do not fit in contextually. We usually use the verb 'file' when we submit a complaint or petition. Therefore, 'filed' is the most appropriate choice among the given options.
So, the correct sentence is: A petition was filed to register a complaint and seek action against the minister.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
Note:
Participle: A word formed from a verb (e.g. going, gone, being, been) and used as an adjective (e.g. working woman, burnt toast) or a noun (e.g. good breeding). In English, participles are also used to make compound verb forms (e.g. is going, has been). Consider the sentences given below:
Dancing at the party, the women fell on the ground.
Encouraged by her parents, Rita went on to pursue her passion.
The highlighted word in the first sentence is of the form Verb + ing and is used as a present participle. It is used to denote an action that is going on or incomplete or imperfect.
The highlighted word in the second sentence is of the form verb + ed. It is used as a past participle. It denotes the completed action or state of the thing spoken of.
A past participle ends with the following: -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n.
One should take great care and never get confused between a gerund and a present participle. They use the same forms but perform different functions: a gerund is a verbal noun, while a present participle is a verbal adjective.
Voice of a sentence - Depending upon the emphasis we want to lay we use a particular voice in a particular context. We use active voice to lay emphasis on the doer of the action while we use passive voice to lay emphasis on the receiver of the action.
Example:
Active- Radha will work. (emphasis on Radha)
Passive- Work will be done by Radha. (emphasis on Work)
Study Notes
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