• The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 made the President of India bound by the advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
• This amendment explicitly stipulated that the President shall act in accordance with such advice, thereby reducing the scope for the President to act independently or delay decisions made by the Cabinet.
• 46th Amendment (1982): Enabled states to levy sales tax on consignment transfers and clarified taxation of works contracts, hire-purchase, and goods.
• 48th Amendment (1984): Extended President's Rule in Punjab beyond one year due to ongoing militancy and unrest.
• 40th Amendment (1976): Included 36 additional laws in the Ninth Schedule to protect them from judicial review and clarified maritime jurisdiction.
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