• Both statements are accurate. RAM is volatile, and ROM stores firmware for booting the system.
| Feature | RAM (Random Access Memory) | ROM (Read-Only Memory) |
| Definition | Temporary memory used to store data and instructions currently being processed by the CPU. | Permanent memory used to store essential instructions required during the computer's booting process. |
| Volatility | Volatile - data is lost when the power is turned off. | Non-volatile - data is retained even when the power is turned off. |
| Data Access | Read and write operations are possible; data can be modified. | Only read operations are possible; data cannot be modified. |
| Usage | Stores data and instructions that the CPU needs while performing tasks. | Stores firmware or software that is rarely changed, such as the system's BIOS. |
| Speed | Faster compared to ROM. | Slower compared to RAM. |
| Capacity | Generally larger in size to accommodate active processes and applications. | Typically smaller in size as it only needs to store essential programs. |
| CPU Access | CPU can directly access data stored in RAM. | CPU cannot directly access data in ROM; it must first be transferred to RAM. |
| Modifiability | Data can be easily modified or erased. | Data is permanently written during manufacturing or can be modified only using special procedures (e.g., in EEPROM). |
| Cost | More expensive per unit of storage. | Less expensive per unit of storage. |
| Examples | DRAM (Dynamic RAM), SRAM (Static RAM). | PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM). |
Study Notes
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